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Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States of America, has been known by a variety of nicknames, aliases, sobriquets and slogans, both officially and unofficially, now and in the past. City nicknames can help in establishing a civic identity, helping outsiders recognize a community or attracting people to a community because of its nickname; promote civic pride; and build community unity.〔Muench, David ("Wisconsin Community Slogans: Their Use and Local Impacts" ), December 1993, accessed April 10, 2007.〕 Nicknames and slogans that successfully create a new community "ideology or myth"〔 are also believed to have economic value.〔 Their economic value is difficult to measure,〔 but there are anecdotal reports of cities that have achieved substantial economic benefits by "branding" themselves by adopting new slogans.〔Alfredo Andia, (Branding the Generic City :) ), MU.DOT magazine, September 10, 2007〕 While official nicknames are often intended to be positive, unofficial nicknames can be either both positive or derisive in nature. The unofficial nicknames included on this list have been in use for a long time or have gained widespread usage. *The American Rome *A Capital City〔. Lists the slogan "Washington – It’s a Capital City!"〕 *The Capital of the World〔Broder, David S. ("Nation's Capital in Eclipse as Pride and Power Slip Away" ), ''The Washington Post'', February 18, 1990. Accessed June 13, 2007. "In the days of the Truman Doctrine, the Marshall Plan and the creation of NATO, (Clifford ) said, ''we saved the world, and Washington became the capital of the world.''"〕 *Chocolate City〔〔Giles, Dari. ("Sweet Times in Chocolate City - visiting Washington, D.C" ), ''Essence (magazine)'', April 1999. Accessed June 13, 2007. "For business or pleasure, you'll be hardpressed to do it all in just one visit, but try anyway with our selection from the many things to do and see in the Chocolate City, named, some say, because of its large African-American presence."〕 *City of Magnificent Distances (reported in the 1880s)〔Barry Popik, (Smoky City ), barrypopik.com website, March 27, 2005〕 *City of Magnificent Intentions (first coined by Charles Dickens)〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.nbm.org/exhibitions-collections/exhibitions/washington.html )〕 *The Federal City *Hollywood for Ugly People *Murder Capital of America (late 1980s to early 1990s)〔Eberstadt, Nicholas. ("Why babies die in D.C - District of Columbia" ), ''Public Interest'', Spring 1994. Accessed June 13, 2007. "Across the country and around the world, Washington is notorious as the "murder capital of America" -- the city with the highest homicide rate of any major U.S. urban center."〕 *Nation's Capital The nickname "DMV", for "District - Maryland - Virginia" has also been used as a nickname for the Washington, D.C. Metropolitan Area.〔 ==See also== * List of city nicknames in the United States * Outline of the District of Columbia 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Nicknames of Washington, D.C.」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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